THE GRAPES OF WRATH
What's New? For Teachers For Students Steinbeck and the book The Play
Study guide for a collaborative project
of the Alabama School of Fine Arts and
the University of Alabama at Birmingham
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DISCUSSION PROMPTS
for Chapter 18:


 · What does "Okie" mean? How does the way it is said change its potency? Can you think of other labels used in comparable ways today?

 · Look at Ma's counsel to Rose of Sharon in this chapter. How does she link birth and death to comfort her daughter? How can you extend Ma's wisdom to other parts of the novel?

Related web sites:

OKIES - A brief discussion of the term from the Living History Farm website:

Steinbeck's Myth of the Okies - an article by Keith Windschuttle - refuting the historical accuracy of Steinbeck's work and therefore placing the actual truth of the circumstances of the novel into doubt.:

listen to an MP3 fileInterview with Jose Flores discussing the attitudes of Mexican Americans towards "Okies " and how the land owners played the classes off each other. Recorded in El Rio, California, probably in 1940. From The Library of Congress collection "Voices of the Dustbowl."



Okie family heading west
Lee, Russell. “Migrant family in car enroute to California. Near Muskogee, Oklahoma.” 1939. America from the Great Depression to WWII Photographs from the FSA-OWL, 1935-1945
William Randolf Hearst - Biography of the wealthy man with a million acres discussed in this chapter. This is the site for his preserved estate, Hearst Castle. Also go to "The Castle" and learn more about his 250,00 acre estate.

Jenny Lind - This Links page will lead you to information about the famous 19th Century singing sentation otherwise known as "The Swedish Nightingale."